Practicing sports in hot weather puts young athletes at significant risk for heat-related illnesses, and it's a danger that can arise both outdoors and indoors, such as in a hot gym. Physicians from Parkland Health are emphasizing the importance of awareness and preparation for athletes, coaches, and parents to prevent these conditions.
Dr. Nathan Boes, Parkland’s Sports Medicine Director, highlights that even during early morning or late evening practices, the risk of severe heat stress remains. He points out that finely tuned athletes can suffer from heat injuries with little warning, making it crucial to consider all factors before and during any type of physical activity, regardless of whether it's a contact sport.
In 2023 alone, Parkland treated 295 patients for heat-related illnesses, including heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Since June of this year, 70 patients have already been treated in Parkland’s Emergency Department for heat-related issues.
To prevent heat-related illnesses, the CDC recommends carefully scheduling outdoor activities, preferably during the cooler morning and evening hours. Athletes should rest often in shady areas to allow their bodies to cool down. Dr. Boes advises athletes to pace themselves, especially if they are not used to hot conditions. Symptoms like a pounding heart, breathlessness, lightheadedness, confusion, weakness, or faintness should be treated as signals to stop all activity, seek shade, and rest.
Dr. Boes also underscores the importance of a buddy system, where teammates monitor each other for signs of heat illness. Common symptoms to watch for include:
- Feeling tired or weak
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache or muscle cramps
- Dizziness or disorientation
- Sweat-soaked pale skin
- Loss of consciousness
Schools and teams should implement plans to help athletes gradually acclimate to practicing in hot weather, as kids are most vulnerable to heat illness during the first few days of practice. Lightweight, light-colored clothing is recommended, along with regular hydration. Coaches should never restrict the amount of water kids can drink during games or practice.
Dr. Boes also warns that athletes should not practice or play if they are sick, especially if they have a fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. Those with medical conditions like asthma, or who are on medication, should inform their coaches, as these factors can increase the risk of heat illness.
Heat stroke is the leading cause of preventable death in high school athletes, according to the CDC. If a young athlete shows signs of heat illness, it is vital to seek medical assistance immediately or call 911.
